Learning Thursday: Different Types of Fractures
Etiqueta: medicine
Learning Wednesday: Taking Care of Your Neck
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DO NOT NEVER TAKE MEDS WITHOUT TALKING TO A DOCTOR FIRST (a reblog)
Erwin Wensley is absolutely right: «DO NOT NEVER TAKE MEDS WITHOUT TALKING TO A DOCTOR FIRST.»!
What causes alcohol addiction? You will find it in this new article
The faulty mechanism is a failure to clear away a substance known as gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) that inhibits signaling around neurons, or brain cells, in the central amygdala.
he amygdala is a region of the brain concerned with emotion, learning, memory, and motivation.
The scientists report their findings in a paper now published in the journal Science.
«We have to understand,» explains senior study author Markus Heilig, who is a professor in clinical and experimental medicine at Linköping University in Sweden, «that a core feature of addiction is that you know it is going to harm you, potentially even kill you, and nevertheless something has gone wrong with the motivational control and you keep doing it.»
When the researchers looked inside the rats’ brains, they discovered what might be disrupting the «motivational control.» First, they looked for differences in gene expression in different parts of the brain. The biggest differences were in the amygdala.
They revealed that the gene that codes for a protein called GAT-3 was expressed at much lower levels in the amygdala of the rats that continued to choose alcohol compared with the rats that switched to sugared water.
GAT-3 is a «transporter» protein that helps to clear away GABA from around neurons. Studies have also revealed that rats that become addicted to alcohol seem to have altered GABA signaling.
A molecular mechanism for choosing alcohol over an alternative reward
Scientists Just Discovered a Brand New Part of Sperm That Could Explain Infertility in Men
I know that the title is kind of redundant when mentioning sperm and men in the same line. I wrote it like that to make sure Google crawls it the right way. You know, we humans still way smarter than the Google robots -now, you are supposed to smile, or laugh :)
Hiding in plain sight.
JACINTA BOWLER
Sperm has been having a tough time lately. The concentration per ejaculate is getting lower, scientists have created an artificial version that could one day replace it, and to make matters worse, common household products might affect the quality of the little guys.«Abnormalities in the formation and function of the atypical centriole may be the root of infertility of unknown cause in couples who have no treatment options available to them,» Tomer Avidor-Reiss, from Toledo’s Department of Biological Sciences, said in a press release.
«It also may have a role in early pregnancy loss and embryo development defects.»
You need two centrioles to make the working centrosome, and until now it was thought that the sperm provided one centriole to the egg, and then duplicated itself.
Dra. Martha Andrea Castro Noriega, MD 